Sustainability + Development

February 23, 2009

As someone who is keenly interested in environmental issues, I’ve often found it challenging to consider sustainability’s role within the larger development context. Global health, water resource management, information technology, and energy diversification are obvious choices when looking at proven methods for addressing poverty. But when we introduce the environment into the equation, the game seems to change. People versus the planet. One versus the other.

In reality, it isn’t a zero sum game and sustainability should be incorporated in international development. Just look at the UN Millenium Development Goals -the environment also has its place at the table, and it’s not at the consequence of human issues.

It reminds me of a conversation I had when I was volunteering at Oxfam America. There, one of the staff members described Oxfam’s approach to climate change. For Oxfam, climate change wasn’t really about the environment. It was about the people that were most affected by climate change, like subsistence farmers in Africa, who relied on the rain to fuel their crops.  Global warming and the lack of rains made it impossible for these farmers to harvest a bountiful crop.  These types of environmental problems, namely the aftereffects, were the main concern of Oxfam.

In a similar vein, I recently came across a report from the UN Environment Programme about SCP.  SCP, or sustainable patterns of consumption and production, are indicators that measure progress for what our society should look like.  As countries begin to lift themselves out of poverty, we need to question our own levels of consumerism, as well as what is sustainable for these other nations.  Read the full UNEP SCP report here.


Thought the $100 laptop was good? Try $10

February 2, 2009

Fast Company reports that on February 3rd, the Indian government will unveil a $10 educational laptop with 2GB of RAM, Wi-Fi and expandable hardware, that operates on only two watts of power. Mass production costs are $20, but expect this to be halved as large-scale production starts up.

The laptop is an answer to MIT’s Nicholas Negroponte’s $100 One Laptop Per Child.  Can’t wait to see what it looks like in a few days!

Click here for the Fast Company article.

**Update: It turns out that the $10 laptop is not a full-functioning laptop, but a “computing” device with storage.  Read the comments below for more information. **


Google funding internet initiatives in Africa

February 2, 2009

Google is starting to enter the world of ICTD (Information and Communication Technologies and Development) by funding initiatives to bring internet to small, rural villages in Africa.  One such project, implemented by three engineers from University of Michigan, involves installing satellite dishes powered by solar panels to hookup computers in the local community to the rest of the world.

The head of Google’s East Africa office, Joseph Mucheru, notes that “building infrastructure is not necessarily Google’s objective, but if you look at all the areas that Google has gone into, in many cases it has been to fill a gap… The market should see the opportunity.”

Google’s entry into ICTD seems to be an especially appropriate fit for a corporate social responsibility strategy.  Google can help rural villages get “online,” and also ensure their place in a new market.

It will be interesting to see if internet adoption in Africa and other developing country follows the same trajectory as mobile phone adoption – e.g. leapfrog over “standard” infrastructure like electricity grids by using solar-powered mobile phone towers.

Click here for the full New York Times article.


Poverty-fighting tool: conditional cash transfers

December 30, 2008

The New York Times recently published an in-depth article about a poverty-fighting program called Oportunidades in Mexico.  Instead of traditional government welfare programs that offer subsidized food or healthcare, the program gives the poor cash on the condition that the money is spent on “activities designed to break the culture of poverty and keep the poor from transmitting that culture to their children.”   Some examples of these conditional cash transfer activities include:

  • Money for school fees, contingent on the child’s attendance record
  • Money for food, subject to preventative health checkups
  • Money, on conditions of attendance at monthly educational workshops on health topics (like purifying drinking water)

Initial objections about Oportunidades stemmed from the program’s potential to increase domestic violence, given the machismo culture of poor, rural Mexico. The program is targeted towards women who are the primary spenders in the family.Women must leave the house to receive payments, attend workshops, and visit the clinic.  Workshops are about women’s rights and self-esteem.  Women also get their own money and control how it is spent.  Indeed, the stories reflect the shifting balance of power between the husband and wife; transitions that are fraught with tension and anger in the beginning, but fade over time when the program’s benefits are realized.

Overall results have been impressive thus far.  In Mexico, rates of malnutrition, anemia, and childhood and adult illnesses have dropped.  Children enrolled in the program drop out less frequently, repeat fewer grades, and stay in school longer. In some rural areas, the percentage of children entering middle school is up by 42% and 85% for high school.

Similar programs are being rolled out in 30 other countires (mainly in Latin America) including Turkey, Cambodia, and Bangladesh.  New York City is also starting a pilot program under Mayor Michael Bloomberg called Opportunity NYC.

To learn more, read the New York Times article and the World Bank case study on Oportunidades.


2008 Social Capitalist Awards

October 6, 2008

Fast Company is my favorite business magazine, hands down.  Every year, the magazine chooses 45 Social Entrepreneurs that are changing the world.  Some of the top picks include organizations that have been highlighted in the Market-based Approaches to Poverty course, like Acumen Fellows, KickStart and Scojo Foundation.  Definitely check out the list if you’re interested in working for an innovative social enterprise – I’ve got my eye on a few of them as well!


See the World – Visit London

September 2, 2008

After finishing up an exciting International Business Development assignment in El Salvador, and heading home for a few days to do laundry, I boarded a plane once again and headed off to London for my summer internship. As someone who has always done work centered around emerging markets with no prior experience in Europe, I didn’t know quite what to expect when joining the general leadership/corporate strategy summer program at British Telecommunications (BT). As it turns out, my work was far more international than I could have expected. In fact, during the first few weeks, I had a difficult time keeping my colleagues’ countries straight: the Russian going to school at INSEAD in Singapore, the HBS Israeli paired on a project with the American at IESE in Spain, the Indian at Chicago GSB or the Spaniard at Stanford. Not only were the 21 summer interns incredibly diverse, but the full-time team was as well.

This made for an incredibly interesting work environment as this team of diverse MBAs tackled many of the problems that BT faces from its legacy as a company (and previously a government institution) that has been around for over one hundred years. Although the work was intense, I didn’t miss the opportunity to hang out with this global group in a less formal setting. In fact, my favorite Friday tradition in London became traveling with my coworkers to the far extremes of the city (Whitechapel, Eastham, Westham, Southall) to sample some of the finest Indian food I have ever had.

London itself is an incredible city that is both an exciting place to live, and an international travel hub. The cuisine, the museum art, the cultural shows, and the diversity of its people have all contributed to London’s identity as a truly global city. How appropriate that on one of my last tube journeys I should see the following advertisement that so aptly describes my summer: “see the world – visit london”


FallA Speaker Series…Market-Based Solutions to Poverty

August 26, 2008

I couldn’t be more excited to announce a new speaker series for FallA that GIH has been helping organize along with two Acumen Fund Alumni, David Lehr and Jocelyn Wyatt.  The speaker series is titled: Enterprising Solutions: Market-Based Approaches for Reducing Global Poverty.

You can read all about the class including the specific topics and speakers for each week.  This class is going to be an excellent forum to discuss and learn about these newer market-based approaches to development.  My goal is to make the class as inter-disciplinary as possible by inviting students from across the campus to join the debate and dialogue about these topics.   We want to use this class to help students meet others who are interested in these same areas, regardless of their discipline.

This speaker series is the result of a partnership between GIH and two excellent ambassadors to this field: David Lehr and Jocelyn Wyatt.  David and Jocelyn have volunteered their time to lead lectures at the beginning of each class and used their fantastic network to recruit some top-notch speakers!  I can’t thank them enough for their dedication to making this class happen.

I look forward to seeing you in class!

-Roxanne Miller

GIH Co-Chair


End of Week 1 in Ghana

June 21, 2008

Now that IBD in Gabon is over, I am in Ghana for a 10 week internship at BusyInternet, which started as an internet cafe/copy center, but also offers a plethora of services ranging from ISP (dial-up, broadband, satellite) and SME (small/medium enterprise) incubation to laptop repair, event hosting, and movie nights.

Ghana (15)

Busy is located off of Ring Rd., which is one of the main roads in Accra:

Ghana (35)

Most of this week was consumed by organizing and facilitating a two-day workshop for brainstorming the restructuring of Busy’s ISP business unit. I am pleasantly surprised to have the opportunity to apply concepts learned from my Organizational Behavior class this past fall =). I have also started interviewing people from Busy’s various departments (HR, Finance, Sales, Tech, Help Desk, etc.) to get to know the business better and also assess Busy’s functional requirements for a CRM implementation. It’s a bit intimidating thinking about designing, configuring, testing, deploying, and training a CRM application in 10 weeks (especially when this is usually done by a large team of consultants over the course of at least six months), but I hope that whatever I accomplish, I will make a lasting impact.


[Mayfield Fellows: China] The Great Wall and Goodbyes

June 6, 2008

Our last day in China was a blast, a great way to end our Mayfield trip. 

We woke up early and loaded onto a bus that took us to the Great Wall in Badaling, a 1.5hr trip.  As we drove into the mountains, the scenery was amazing.  We had a tour guide on the bus that none of us could understand except David.  All we remembered was how loud the volume was!  Badaling’s Great Wall point is perhaps the most touristy of the Great Wall destinations – cheap souvenirs, fake wood entrance (think Matterhorn or Splash Mtn), and speakers blasting Kenny G (I kid you not!).  We were a bit taken aback by this introduction to the Great Wall.  But, once we all made it up to the wall itself and began our climb (we climbed from tower 4 to tower 9), our initial skepticism was washed away.  This wall truly is amazing, especially when you consider it took decades to build, 10 thousand people, and it spans approx. 10k miles in total!!  This is one experience I will never forget – just like the Taj Mahal in India.  How lucky we are to experience 2 of the greatest man-made feats of engineering in one trip!!

 

 By the end of this Great Wall experience, we were in high spirits.  We felt on top of the world; the Mayfield Fellows are prepared to tackle any obstacle; any challenge or issue we know we can navigate to a solution.  Like getting back home:

Well, eventually we found our bus and made it back to Beijing.  Our final event was a good one — dinner with some of our Haas classmates and some of the 2010 new admits!!  We ate in a very cool area called Hohai, which is a bar/restaurant area surrounding a small lake.  I don’t remember the name of the restaurant where we ate, but it was very tasy!  We crammed 12+ folks into a small private room and had a blast.  I wish I had a picture of this event, but I had already used up my 2 GB of memory space on my camera (yeah, I took ~600 pictures on this trip!!)… 

And that was that.  We woke up very early the next day, caught a cab to the airport, and spent the next 24 hours traveling back to the US through Hong Kong.  Our Mayfield Trip 2008 has come to a close and now we are on to beginning our summer internships.  What an experience!!  We met with so many successful folks on our trip from VC, law firms, etc – some great contacts.  We saw some amazing sites, and experienced some of the finer aspects of the Indian and Chinese cultures.  And we ate (and ate, and ate) some extremely delicious, and occasionally adventurous, meals.  I have to shout out some kudos to Uday and David for their excellent job in being our tour guides, translators, food experts, etc in India and China respectively.  Thanks guys, you were great!!  And with that, I am signing off – Mayfield Fellows 2008 trip blog is officially complete!!


[Mayfield Fellows: China] Operation Do-Everything-In-China On Road to Success

June 6, 2008

We Mayfield Fellows don’t quite know how to describe this two week trip; is it a vacation?  A business trip?  I think it’s just a big mash-up of both.  But in any event, we have certainly done a lot, whether it be educational meetings or sightseeing excursions.  The wear-and-tear on the team is showing, but we’re still kicking (on fumes) and having a great time!

Our last day in Shanghai was productive.  Brian had been on a mission since we arrived in China to go to the Shanghai Museum.  We decided against going Saturday afternoon because the line was wrapped around the building – we thought we’d be clever and show up early on Sunday morning to beat the crowds.  Well, little did we know, Sunday was a holiday (Children’s Day), so the line was even longer in the morning, full of families waiting to get inside!!  Once inside, we experienced four floors of very cool, historical artifacts.  I took lots of pictures of many of these exhibits, here are a few of my favorites:


We had one last meeting that day with NEA Ventures, and one last evening on the town. We then said goodbye early Monday morning. 

Beijing — our last leg of the trip, home of the summer olympics (in ~2 months). I have to say, I’m not sure they’ll actually be ready for the games by then!  Lots of construction is happening all over town, restoration of lots of the sites, etc, but I cannot see how the city will be ready by the start of the games.  Reminds me of that commercial for Coke (or something) before Athens where the sprinters ran through a construction site of workers finishing the stadium!

Yesterday we visited Tiananmen Square and the Forbidden City, right in the center of Beijing.  Quite cool, although we found ourselves very ignorant of the historical significance of what we saw.  I need to review my 8th grade world history books I guess…

We ate dinner at a famous restaurant renowned for its Peking Duck dishes.  I can say we certainly had opportunity to eat duck – pretty much every part of the duck!  I can elaborate later, it was a new, and actually delicious, experience!!

Today, we visited the new Olympic Stadium and surrounding area – there is quite a bit of Olympic excitement all around town, and the new structures are quite amazing!

Well, this is my last blog entry from China – we have one last day, which I am very excited about, as we will be traveling to the Great Wall for a day trip!  Should be a great way to end our Chinese experience.  I will finish out our Mayfield trip blog after I get back to the states, so stay tuned!